Many states require your company to maintain a minimum net worth in order to get licensed and to keep your license. The amounts range from $10,000 to $1,000,000. If you are licensed or want to be licensed in a state that has minimum net worth requirements how do you obtain the capital you need?
There are a number of ways. The most obvious is to transfer money held in your personal bank account into the corporate entity’ bank account. Initially, this is how every new mortgage company gets started.
Beyond that, you could sell equity in the company and bring on a new partner. Your partner would have to buy shares in your corporation or a membership interest in your limited liability company, and the money from the sale of company stock or membership interests becomes part of the capital and net worth of the company.
Although it’s not easy, you may be able to find an investor willing to provide funding without giving up any equity in your business. Typically, this is a family member or a very good friend.
As you commence business operations, you can build net worth through retained earnings. Retained earnings are the profits your company makes that are not paid out to the owners of the company. To increase profits, increase your income (more closings or larger fees per closing) and/or decrease your expenses (go through each expense line-by-line and think of ways that each can be lowered). If the profits are kept in the company’s bank accounts or used to pay for company assets, they are counted as part of the company’s net worth.
Once you have been in business for awhile, you can explore merging with another company whose assets combined with yours will meet the minimum net worth requirements typically required of a mortgage lender. When you are looking to merge with another company, you want to find a company whose strengths complement your strengths. Together, your company and the company you merge with are greater than your two companies individually.
Eventually your plan should be to generate higher earnings by acquiring weaker companies and loan originators displaced by competitors who could not meet the net worth requirements and were forced to close. Your company may then continue to increase net worth as other competitive advantages become available as a larger company with increased production and profitability. Larger companies usually are stronger than smaller companies. They can offer more products, have offices in many locations to serve more borrowers, are licensed in more than one state, and have better management (which is how you became a bigger company).
The other key to the net worth issue is maintaining the net worth. Your company should never go below the minimum net worth required by your licenses. Hoard cash to get you through the lean times (including now) and do not make distributions to the owners if they will jeopardize your company’s net worth. Although you know that when your accountant comes in to audit your financials after each year-end so you make sure that your net worth meets the minimum requirements, you could also be subject to a random and unexpected examination of your records by your state licensing agency. You want to make sure that they find that you met every requirement, including net worth, when they conduct their examination.
Showing posts with label minimum net worth. Show all posts
Showing posts with label minimum net worth. Show all posts
Tuesday, August 23, 2011
Monday, November 8, 2010
Do You Know Whether You Need A Certified Financial Statement?
A certified financial statement is one that has been reviewed by a certified public accountant (CPA) to ensure that the numbers reported in the statement are accurate and are not subject to material errors or omissions. Because the accountant is attaching a certification to the financial statement that he has reviewed the figures and found them to be accurate, he may incur liability if the figures in the financial statement turn out to be wrong. Because of the possible liability, many CPAs do not certify financial statements anymore. Those that do charge a large fee. For this reason, mortgage brokers and mortgage lenders are looking for reasons not to need a certified financial statement. There are two grounds for needing one: the state in which you are licensed requires them (for proving your net worth) or you want to originate FHA loans.
Although the SAFE Act changed many requirements for licensing, there are still a number of states (i.e., New Jersey for mortgage lenders, Illinois Residential Mortgage Licensees, California Residential Mortgage Lender Licensees) that require certified financial statements. You must provide such a statement as of the end of the most recent fiscal year. Some states do require a minimum net worth, other states do not. No matter in how many states you are licensed, you only need one certified financial statement. The statement must be in .pdf format and must be uploaded through the NMLS.
The ability to broker or originate FHA loans also comes with the requirement that you get a certified financial statement. If you are an FHA Loan Correspondent (also known as a “mini-eagle”), you should be aware that 2010 is the last year that FHA is approving your Loan Correspondent status. Starting in 2011, the investors to whom you will broker your loans will be responsible for the approval and oversight of you. Therefore, it is possible that each lender will have its own set of requirements. It is likely that many lenders will insist on certified financials so that they are more assured that you are not under-capitalized.
It is still required by the FHA that mortgage lenders who are originating FHA loans have a required minimum net worth that must be corroborated by the submission of a certified financial statement.
Since government loans are a large percentage of the loans that are being originated these days, it is likely that the need for (and expense of) a certified financial statement is not going away any time soon.
Although the SAFE Act changed many requirements for licensing, there are still a number of states (i.e., New Jersey for mortgage lenders, Illinois Residential Mortgage Licensees, California Residential Mortgage Lender Licensees) that require certified financial statements. You must provide such a statement as of the end of the most recent fiscal year. Some states do require a minimum net worth, other states do not. No matter in how many states you are licensed, you only need one certified financial statement. The statement must be in .pdf format and must be uploaded through the NMLS.
The ability to broker or originate FHA loans also comes with the requirement that you get a certified financial statement. If you are an FHA Loan Correspondent (also known as a “mini-eagle”), you should be aware that 2010 is the last year that FHA is approving your Loan Correspondent status. Starting in 2011, the investors to whom you will broker your loans will be responsible for the approval and oversight of you. Therefore, it is possible that each lender will have its own set of requirements. It is likely that many lenders will insist on certified financials so that they are more assured that you are not under-capitalized.
It is still required by the FHA that mortgage lenders who are originating FHA loans have a required minimum net worth that must be corroborated by the submission of a certified financial statement.
Since government loans are a large percentage of the loans that are being originated these days, it is likely that the need for (and expense of) a certified financial statement is not going away any time soon.
Monday, February 22, 2010
How Much Money Should a Mortgage Broker or Lender Put into Its Business?
The answer to this question is different state by state and whether you are a mortgage broker or a mortgage lender.
If you are a mortgage broker, many states have a required minimum net worth of $25,000. New Jersey even requires a minimum net worth of $50,000. What is net worth? It is your company’s assets minus liabilities. For a new company, assets usually consist of cash (in your company's checking account), computer equipment and furniture. It does not include your car, unless title is in the company's name. Existing companies might also have accounts receivable and prepaid expenses. Liabilities are the amount of money a company owes. New companies usually do not have any liabilities.
Even if the state that you are interested in does not have a minimum net worth requirement, the licensing department might want to see a company's financial statement. They are looking to make sure that you can pay any claim that may arise after you are licensed. In order to get approval for a license, you must demonstrate to the banking department that you are serious about your financial responsibilities. Many states require an audited financial statement. This requires a very thorough review of your records by a CPA. Many accountants do not even prepare audited financial statements anymore. The accountants that do this type of work charge thousands of dollars to prepare the audited financials. If your state does not require a CPA-audited financial statement, it requires the president (or other officer) to swear that the financial statement is true and accurate.
The more assets you can show, the better. For existing companies, I counsel my clients not to distribute all of the profits to the shareholders of a corporation or members of a limited liability company. That lowers the net worth of a company. If the company shows that profits are retained to maintain operations or grow the business, the licensing department looks favorably at the company's application. Obviously if you are a start-up, you may have a limited amount of assets, but if you are adding new states, the licensing departments want to see how you have done in the past few years, when times have been more challenging.
The requirements for a mortgage lender license are even higher, typically $100,000 to $250,000. And most states do have a net worth requirement for lenders. If a mortgage lender needs a warehouse line of credit in order to fund its loans, the warehouse line creditor now requires a much higher net worth (I’m hearing numbers in excess of $1,000,000).
Regardless of whether a state requires a minimum net worth, at least at the very beginning of your company's existence, you should put in and keep as much money in the business as you can to show the licensing departments that you are serious about being a successful company that intends to be an upstanding member of the community.
Please feel free to forward this blog post to your colleagues, listserv members or favorite bloggers. Or if you would like to run it (in whole or in part) in any publication or quote from it, simply include my name and URL: http://www.mortgagelicensesolutions.com. No prior permission needed. To inquire about joining my list to receive my blog posts or my availability to speak to your group or write an article for your publication, please email me at Robin@Mortgagelicensesolutions.com. Thank you!
If you are a mortgage broker, many states have a required minimum net worth of $25,000. New Jersey even requires a minimum net worth of $50,000. What is net worth? It is your company’s assets minus liabilities. For a new company, assets usually consist of cash (in your company's checking account), computer equipment and furniture. It does not include your car, unless title is in the company's name. Existing companies might also have accounts receivable and prepaid expenses. Liabilities are the amount of money a company owes. New companies usually do not have any liabilities.
Even if the state that you are interested in does not have a minimum net worth requirement, the licensing department might want to see a company's financial statement. They are looking to make sure that you can pay any claim that may arise after you are licensed. In order to get approval for a license, you must demonstrate to the banking department that you are serious about your financial responsibilities. Many states require an audited financial statement. This requires a very thorough review of your records by a CPA. Many accountants do not even prepare audited financial statements anymore. The accountants that do this type of work charge thousands of dollars to prepare the audited financials. If your state does not require a CPA-audited financial statement, it requires the president (or other officer) to swear that the financial statement is true and accurate.
The more assets you can show, the better. For existing companies, I counsel my clients not to distribute all of the profits to the shareholders of a corporation or members of a limited liability company. That lowers the net worth of a company. If the company shows that profits are retained to maintain operations or grow the business, the licensing department looks favorably at the company's application. Obviously if you are a start-up, you may have a limited amount of assets, but if you are adding new states, the licensing departments want to see how you have done in the past few years, when times have been more challenging.
The requirements for a mortgage lender license are even higher, typically $100,000 to $250,000. And most states do have a net worth requirement for lenders. If a mortgage lender needs a warehouse line of credit in order to fund its loans, the warehouse line creditor now requires a much higher net worth (I’m hearing numbers in excess of $1,000,000).
Regardless of whether a state requires a minimum net worth, at least at the very beginning of your company's existence, you should put in and keep as much money in the business as you can to show the licensing departments that you are serious about being a successful company that intends to be an upstanding member of the community.
Please feel free to forward this blog post to your colleagues, listserv members or favorite bloggers. Or if you would like to run it (in whole or in part) in any publication or quote from it, simply include my name and URL: http://www.mortgagelicensesolutions.com. No prior permission needed. To inquire about joining my list to receive my blog posts or my availability to speak to your group or write an article for your publication, please email me at Robin@Mortgagelicensesolutions.com. Thank you!
Wednesday, September 10, 2008
New Law in North Carolina
There is a new law set to go into effect on October 1, 2008. This new law affects all mortgage companies currently licensed in North Carolina as well as those companies thinking of getting licensed in that state.
The most cutting edge provision of the law is the ban on yield spread premiums on loans that are defined in North Carolina as “rate spread” loans. Basically, yield spread premiums on subprime loans are not permitted in North Carolina as a result of this new law. North Carolina is the first state to eliminate yield spread premiums on any type of loans.
In addition, the new law provides that all branch offices must be located in commercial office space. Home offices are now prohibited. I am aware that many loan officers operate out of their own houses, and no one even thinks of this arrangement as a branch office. But in North Carolina, this pattern on cutting down on office space will not be allowed. And remember that North Carolina is a brick-and-mortar state so that if you are an out-of-state mortgage company thinking of getting licensed in North Carolina, your in-state office cannot be a home office.
If you are a loan officer who is now employed by a North Carolina licensee, you are classified as an employee and must receive a W-2 at the end of each year, showing your wages. There are no loan officer independent contractors in North Carolina.
If you want to apply for a license as a loan officer, you must now take 24 hours of approved pre-licensing education and pass an exam. When you have passed the exam, and are submitting your application, your background check must show a FICO score of at least 600. Moreover, your credit report cannot show any outstanding tax liens or judgments in the past 7 years.
The new law also affects minimum net worth requirements. If you are a mortgage broker, you must maintain a minimum net worth of at least $25,000. Your statement of net worth does not need to be from an accountant but must be certified by an authorized officer or member of the company. Additionally, the mortgage broker must provide the Commissioner of Bank’s office with bank statements or other proof that they have liquid funds of at least $10,000. For mortgage bankers, the net worth requirement is a minimum of $100,000 and that amount must be proven by an audited financial statement. In addition, the mortgage banker must show evidence of a line of credit or other available funds of $1,000,000.
Other provisions of the new law:
1. Reporting about closed loans will now be on a quarterly basis.
2. Renewals will be done at the end of the year as all licenses expire on December
31st.
3. Requires licensing for servicers as of January 1, 2009, however, you do not need an additional license if you are a mortgage banker who will be servicing (you will need to provide notice to the Commissioner of Banks).
If you need further information about the new law, you should look at the Commissioner of Bank’s website at www.nccob.org, place your cursor on Mortgage and then on Legal Compliance References.
The most cutting edge provision of the law is the ban on yield spread premiums on loans that are defined in North Carolina as “rate spread” loans. Basically, yield spread premiums on subprime loans are not permitted in North Carolina as a result of this new law. North Carolina is the first state to eliminate yield spread premiums on any type of loans.
In addition, the new law provides that all branch offices must be located in commercial office space. Home offices are now prohibited. I am aware that many loan officers operate out of their own houses, and no one even thinks of this arrangement as a branch office. But in North Carolina, this pattern on cutting down on office space will not be allowed. And remember that North Carolina is a brick-and-mortar state so that if you are an out-of-state mortgage company thinking of getting licensed in North Carolina, your in-state office cannot be a home office.
If you are a loan officer who is now employed by a North Carolina licensee, you are classified as an employee and must receive a W-2 at the end of each year, showing your wages. There are no loan officer independent contractors in North Carolina.
If you want to apply for a license as a loan officer, you must now take 24 hours of approved pre-licensing education and pass an exam. When you have passed the exam, and are submitting your application, your background check must show a FICO score of at least 600. Moreover, your credit report cannot show any outstanding tax liens or judgments in the past 7 years.
The new law also affects minimum net worth requirements. If you are a mortgage broker, you must maintain a minimum net worth of at least $25,000. Your statement of net worth does not need to be from an accountant but must be certified by an authorized officer or member of the company. Additionally, the mortgage broker must provide the Commissioner of Bank’s office with bank statements or other proof that they have liquid funds of at least $10,000. For mortgage bankers, the net worth requirement is a minimum of $100,000 and that amount must be proven by an audited financial statement. In addition, the mortgage banker must show evidence of a line of credit or other available funds of $1,000,000.
Other provisions of the new law:
1. Reporting about closed loans will now be on a quarterly basis.
2. Renewals will be done at the end of the year as all licenses expire on December
31st.
3. Requires licensing for servicers as of January 1, 2009, however, you do not need an additional license if you are a mortgage banker who will be servicing (you will need to provide notice to the Commissioner of Banks).
If you need further information about the new law, you should look at the Commissioner of Bank’s website at www.nccob.org, place your cursor on Mortgage and then on Legal Compliance References.
Wednesday, May 14, 2008
New Requirements in Maryland
Maryland has new laws taking effect on June 1, 2008 that affect licensed lenders (which also includes mortgage brokers). The new requirements concern surety bonds and minimum net worths for licensees.
Maryland has always had a system of requiring surety bonds based on the volume of business in the previous 12 months. Effective June 1, 2008, if your company has done no business anywhere in the prior 12 months (you are a start-up) or up to $3,000,000 in closed mortgage loans, you will need a $50,000 bond. If you closed more than $3,000,000 but less than $10,000,000 in mortgage loans, you need a $100,000 bond. If your closed volume is more than $10,000,000 in the previous 12 months, you need a $150,000 bond. If your company has multiple offices, the largest surety bond you will need for all of the offices combined is $750,000.
Additionally, mortgage lender licensees will need a net worth of $25,000 if your company had no activity or up to $1,000,000 in loans closed in the previous 12 months. If you closed more than $1,000,000 and less than $5,000,000, you need at least $50,000 in net worth. If your dollar volume of loans closed was more than $5,000,000 you need a net worth of at least $100,000. Starting January 1, 2009, if you closed more than $10,000,000 in mortgage loans in the previous 12 months, you will be required to maintain a minimum net worth of $250,000.
Proof of compliance with the new net worth and surety bond obligations will be required when you renew your license or if you are being examined.
Maryland has always had a system of requiring surety bonds based on the volume of business in the previous 12 months. Effective June 1, 2008, if your company has done no business anywhere in the prior 12 months (you are a start-up) or up to $3,000,000 in closed mortgage loans, you will need a $50,000 bond. If you closed more than $3,000,000 but less than $10,000,000 in mortgage loans, you need a $100,000 bond. If your closed volume is more than $10,000,000 in the previous 12 months, you need a $150,000 bond. If your company has multiple offices, the largest surety bond you will need for all of the offices combined is $750,000.
Additionally, mortgage lender licensees will need a net worth of $25,000 if your company had no activity or up to $1,000,000 in loans closed in the previous 12 months. If you closed more than $1,000,000 and less than $5,000,000, you need at least $50,000 in net worth. If your dollar volume of loans closed was more than $5,000,000 you need a net worth of at least $100,000. Starting January 1, 2009, if you closed more than $10,000,000 in mortgage loans in the previous 12 months, you will be required to maintain a minimum net worth of $250,000.
Proof of compliance with the new net worth and surety bond obligations will be required when you renew your license or if you are being examined.
Thursday, March 22, 2007
Staying in Compliance
I recently had a conversation with one of the state banking department regulators about ongoing compliance with that state's rules. This particular state had a minimum net worth requirement.
I have many clients who ask me about how to comply with a minimum net worth requirement when they first get their license. For example, New Jersey has a $50,000 minimum net worth requirement for first mortgage brokers. The minimum net worth is $150,000 for first and second mortgage brokers. This is a very high hurdle for many companies. Potential clients ask me all the time "do I need to keep that amount in the company name all the time?" They figure that they can put the money in when they apply for the license and immediately pull it out after the license is granted. Unfortunately, that isn't allowed. The rules usually state "must maintain a minimum net worth of $_______" or "shall register all loan orginators."
How do the state regulators find out that a company hasn't been following the rules after the license is granted? It is carelessness that trips up many companies. Many times that carelessness is uncovered when an examination is conducted by the banking department. Mortgage companies hand the examiner a balance sheet with a negative net worth or a file that has a 1003 signed by a loan officer who is not registered. Or a branch office has not been licensed.
The penalties can be huge. That state regulator that I was talking to mentioned that a company that had not maintained the minimum net worth had their license revoked. Other infractions have cost other brokers and lenders thousands of dollars in fines.
Can you afford to pay large fines or lose a license just because you think you won't get caught breaking the rules? The state regulators don't go after just the big fish. They will go after any licensee, no matter how small or large.
I have many clients who ask me about how to comply with a minimum net worth requirement when they first get their license. For example, New Jersey has a $50,000 minimum net worth requirement for first mortgage brokers. The minimum net worth is $150,000 for first and second mortgage brokers. This is a very high hurdle for many companies. Potential clients ask me all the time "do I need to keep that amount in the company name all the time?" They figure that they can put the money in when they apply for the license and immediately pull it out after the license is granted. Unfortunately, that isn't allowed. The rules usually state "must maintain a minimum net worth of $_______" or "shall register all loan orginators."
How do the state regulators find out that a company hasn't been following the rules after the license is granted? It is carelessness that trips up many companies. Many times that carelessness is uncovered when an examination is conducted by the banking department. Mortgage companies hand the examiner a balance sheet with a negative net worth or a file that has a 1003 signed by a loan officer who is not registered. Or a branch office has not been licensed.
The penalties can be huge. That state regulator that I was talking to mentioned that a company that had not maintained the minimum net worth had their license revoked. Other infractions have cost other brokers and lenders thousands of dollars in fines.
Can you afford to pay large fines or lose a license just because you think you won't get caught breaking the rules? The state regulators don't go after just the big fish. They will go after any licensee, no matter how small or large.
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